Part One
The Book Report
Part Two
The Whole Composition
I. Format
II. Outline
A. Deciding oa topic
B. Formulating a thesis
C. Collecting details
III. Types of Writing
A. Narration
1. Guidelines for effective narration
B. Description
1. Descriptioof a person
2. Descriptioof a place
3. Descriptioof aobject
4. Descriptioof a scene
C. Exposition
1. Exemplification
2. Process Analysis
3. Divisioand Classification
4. Cause and Effect
5. Comparisoand Contrast
D. Argumentation
1. From Your Argumentative Thesis
2. Focus othe Concerns and Knowledge of aAppropriate Audience
3. Tailor Evidence to the Argumentative Thesis
4. Develop Evidence with Adequate and Appropriate Support
1) Definitioof important terms
2) Verifiable facts
3) Examples, including personal experience
4) Recognized authority othe subject
5) Quotations, especially from aauthority
6) Statistics
5. Provide Clear and Obvious Connections
Part Three
Process of Writing a Research Paper
I. Choose a suitable topic
A. Finding a topic
B. Narrowing the topic
II. How to research
A. Exploring the library
B. Following a search strategy
1. Reference works
1) General encyclopedias
2) Specialized encyclopedias
3) Biographical references
4) Unabridged dictionaries
5) Books
6) Periodicals
7) Other sources
C. Evaluating sources for relevance and reliability
D. Preparing bibliography cards
1. How to take notes oyour cards
1) Note cards that summarize
2) Note cards that paraphrase
3) Note cards that quote
4) Personal note cards
5) Alternatives to note cards
E. Reading and taking notes
III. The thesis and outline
A. Arriving at the thesis
B. Constructing a preliminary outline
1. Focusing oa hypothesis
2. Constructing a preliminary outline
IV. Expand notes into a draft, theinto a paper
A. Preparing the first draft
B. Incorporating notes into the flow of a paper
V. Follow the MLA style of in-text citations
A. The MLA style
1. Author isignal phrase, page number iparentheses
2. Author and page number iparentheses
3. Wheto include a title
4. Unknowauthor
5. A work with two or more authors
6. A multi-volume work
7. A novel, a play, or a poem
8. Indirect source
9. Parenthetical citatioof two or more works
B. Endnotes and footnotes
C. Spacing and punctuation
D. Preparing a list of works cited
Part Four
A Sample Research Paper
后记
英语写作自学考试大纲
